US Dollar at Inflection Point as Fed Dovish Pivot Collides With Euro Weakness

The U.S. Dollar Index (DXY) has rebounded over the last month following its worst first half since its inception in 1973. Progress on trade negotiations, a patient higher-for-longer Federal Reserve (Fed), better-than-expected economic data (up until last Friday’s employment report), and rotational pressure back into U.S. equities have been key catalysts behind the recovery. Technically, oversold conditions, contrarian levels of bearish sentiment and positioning, and major uptrend support for the DXY have also been supportive of the greenback. 

Of course, with currencies, it’s all relative to the other side of the pair. For the DXY, that means what happens in the Eurozone can significantly influence the trajectory of the dollar, as the euro holds the largest weight (58%) in the basket of currencies against which the dollar is compared. A quick review of European economic conditions and monetary policy reveals a weaker growth profile and a relatively more dovish central bank.

While the European Central Bank (ECB) pushed the pause button during its monetary policy meeting last month, policymakers have cut their target rate from 4% to 2% over the last year, including four 0.25% cuts in 2025, while another 0.25% reduction is expected by December. This compares to the Fed’s current upper-bound target rate of 4.5%, with zero rate cuts so far this year and maybe two or three 0.25% cuts by year-end. ECB President Christine Lagarde has also continued to stress that risks to Eurozone economic growth remain “tilted to the downside.” This is a much different tone than Fed Chair Jerome Powell’s comments last week, stating, “Despite elevated uncertainty, the economy is in a solid position.” 

The dismal U.S. payrolls print last Friday and an open seat to fill outgoing Fed Governor Adriana Kugler’s seat, after she resigned last week, will likely introduce a more dovish tone from the Fed; however, we don’t expect a material deviation away from the market’s expectation of rate cuts starting again in September. 

Zooming out to a longer-term perspective reveals a dollar holding above a secular uptrend that began back in 2008. The current 12% decline from the January high is also commensurate with other drawdowns since the dollar broke out above the 2009–2010 highs. Speculator short positioning among institutional/hedge fund investors has also reached contrarian levels that overlapped with previous inflection points. The next big test for the greenback will be holding above the 50-day moving average (dma) near 98.25 and recapturing the lower end of its prior range at 100.75. 

The Dollar Finds Support Off a Secular Uptrend

Source: LPL Research, Bloomberg

While “this time is different” seems like an appropriate disclaimer when comparing President Trump’s first term to his second term, price action in the dollar has been relatively consistent across both periods. Following President Trump’s November 2015 election victory, the dollar surged around 8% before peaking in January. From that peak, the dollar suffered a sizable 12% drawdown before bottoming in September.

Fast forward to Election Day in 2024 and Trump 2.0, the dollar staged a comparable rally into January before peaking ahead of the current 12% drawdown into July. Of course, context is key, and we acknowledge the 2016 macro backdrop was much different than today; however, we remain receptive to the adage that history may not repeat, but it often rhymes. 

Trump 1.0 vs. 2.0 Analog

Source: LPL Research, Bloomberg 08/06/25

Summary

The dollar is trading near an inflection point. At a minimum, the recent relief rally could have more room to run despite potential headwinds from the Fed shifting to a more dovish tone. On a relative basis, the U.S. economy is holding up well and should avoid a recession, with less downside risk than Europe. Furthermore, American exceptionalism has arguably been revived in the wake of U.S. technology stock leadership since the April lows. Further outperformance in this space could continue to attract foreign investors back to the U.S., boosting dollar demand and potentially counterbalancing the negative impact of reduced global trade. 

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