Earnings call transcript: Albemarle Q3 2025 beats earnings expectations

Albemarle Corporation reported its third-quarter 2025 earnings, surpassing analyst expectations with an adjusted earnings per share (EPS) of -$0.19 compared to a forecasted -$0.90. The company also exceeded revenue projections, reporting $1.31 billion against the anticipated $1.27 billion. Following these results, Albemarle’s stock price rose 3.97% in after-hours trading, reflecting investor optimism.

Key Takeaways

• Albemarle’s Q3 2025 EPS exceeded forecasts by 78.89%.
• Revenue surpassed expectations by 3.15%.
• Stock price increased by 3.97% in after-hours trading.
• Strong performance driven by lithium demand and operational efficiency.
• Full-year 2025 results expected at the upper end of guidance.

Company Performance

Albemarle demonstrated robust performance in the third quarter of 2025, driven by record production from its lithium conversion network and strong demand in energy storage. The company’s adjusted EBITDA increased by 7% year-over-year to $226 million, while cash from operations surged by 57% to $356 million. These results underscore Albemarle’s strategic focus on cost reduction and operational efficiency.

Financial Highlights

• Revenue: $1.31 billion, up from $1.27 billion forecasted.
• Earnings per share: -$0.19, better than the -$0.90 forecast.
• Adjusted EBITDA: $226 million, a 7% increase year-over-year.
• Cash from operations: $356 million, a 57% year-over-year increase.

Earnings vs. Forecast

Albemarle’s Q3 2025 EPS of -$0.19 significantly outperformed the forecasted -$0.90, resulting in a surprise percentage of 78.89%. This marks a notable improvement compared to previous quarters, highlighting the company’s effective cost management and strategic growth in key markets.

Market Reaction

Following the earnings announcement, Albemarle’s stock price climbed 3.97% in after-hours trading, reaching $94.71. This movement reflects investor confidence in the company’s ability to exceed expectations and capitalize on growing lithium demand. The stock remains well-positioned within its 52-week range, with a high of $113.91 and a low of $49.43.

Outlook & Guidance

Albemarle anticipates full-year 2025 results at the upper end of its guidance, with lithium market pricing expected to average $9.50/kg. The company remains focused on cost reduction and operational efficiency, maintaining growth optionality for future investments. Revenue forecasts for the coming quarters are set to reflect continued strength in the energy storage sector.

Executive Commentary

CEO Kent Masters emphasized the company’s strategic discipline, stating, "We are maintaining our full-year 2025 company outlook considerations with notable enhancements to energy storage volume growth." Masters also highlighted Albemarle’s commitment to disciplined investments, noting, "We need to see good business cases in order to do it."

Risks and Challenges

• Potential supply chain disruptions could impact production.
• Fluctuations in lithium pricing may affect profitability.
• Regulatory changes in key markets could pose challenges.
• Competition in the lithium sector remains intense.
• Economic uncertainties could influence demand for electric vehicles.

Q&A

During the earnings call, analysts inquired about the impact of lepidolite production curtailments in China and the dynamics of the EV and energy storage markets. Executives addressed potential future capital expenditures and provided insights into dividend expectations from the Talison joint venture.

Full transcript - Albemarle Corp (ALB) Q3 2025:

Conference Call Moderator: Hello and welcome to Albemarle Corporation’s Q3 2025 earnings call. I will now hand it over to Meredith Bandy, Vice President of Investor Relations and Sustainability.

Meredith Bandy, Vice President of Investor Relations and Sustainability, Albemarle Corporation: Thank you and welcome everyone to Albemarle’s third quarter 2025 earnings conference call. Our earnings were released after market close yesterday, and you’ll find the press release and earnings presentation posted to our website under the Investors section at albemarle.com. Joining me on the call today are Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer; Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer; Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer; and Eric Norris, Chief Commercial Officer, are also available for Q&A. As a reminder, some of the statements made during this call, including our outlook, guidance, expected company performance, and strategic initiatives, may constitute forward-looking statements. Please note the cautionary language about forward-looking statements contained in our press release and earnings presentation. That same language also applies to this call. Please also note that some of our comments today refer to non-GAAP financial measures. Reconciliations can be found in our earnings materials.

I’ll turn the call over to Kent.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thank you, Meredith. In the third quarter, we reported net sales of $1.3 billion, including another record production period from our integrated lithium conversion network. Adjusted EBITDA reached $226 million, representing a 7% increase as cost and efficiency improvements more than compensated for lower year-over-year lithium pricing. We generated $356 million in cash from operations during the third quarter, marking a 57% year-over-year increase driven by higher EBITDA and disciplined cash management. We are enhancing our 2025 outlook considerations. Based on our year-to-date financial performance, prevailing lithium market pricing, and stronger-than-expected energy storage sales volumes, we now anticipate full-year 2025 corporate results to be toward the upper end of the previously published $9 per kilogram scenario ranges. Overall demand for lithium remains robust, up more than 30% year-to-date, supported by the energy transition and rising global demand for electric vehicles and grid storage.

Notably, global EV sales have increased 30% year-to-date, led by China and EU battery electric vehicles. Grid storage growth was even more pronounced, climbing 105% year-to-date, with strong growth across all major markets globally. Additionally, we have made significant progress implementing cost and productivity improvements while reducing capital expenditures. Capital expenditures for the year are now projected to be approximately $600 million. We expect to achieve full-year cost and productivity improvements of around $450 million, surpassing the upper limit of our initial targets. Considering these factors, we now project positive free cash flow of $300-$400 million in 2025. Turning to slide five, recent portfolio actions further demonstrate our commitment to long-term value creation and enhanced financial flexibility. We recently announced two transactions. First, a definitive agreement with KPS Capital Partners to sell a controlling 51% stake in Ketjen’s refining catalyst business.

Second, an agreement to sell Ketjen’s interest in the Eurocat joint venture to Oxons. Both transactions are expected to close during the first half of 2026. Together, these transactions are expected to generate approximately $660 million in pre-tax cash proceeds, giving us greater ability to delever while also retaining exposure to future potential gains in the refining catalyst business. This new structure positions the refining catalyst business to leverage KPS’s manufacturing expertise and access to capital to accelerate its growth opportunities. At the same time, we will be able to shift our attention to our core businesses, energy storage and specialties, to set Albemarle up for long-term success. This transaction reinforces our commitment to boosting shareholder value, improving financial flexibility, and maintaining Albemarle’s strong competitive position. Neal will now provide additional details regarding financial performance and outlook.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thank you, Kent, and good morning, everyone. I will begin with our financial results for the third quarter as presented on slide six. Net sales for the quarter totaled $1.3 billion, a decrease from the prior year primarily driven by lower lithium market prices. This decline was partially offset by higher volumes in both Ketjen and energy storage. Adjusted EBITDA for the third quarter was $226 million, representing a 7% increase year-over-year. This improvement was driven by disciplined cost management and productivity actions, which more than offset lower lithium market pricing. Our adjusted EBITDA margin improved by approximately 150 basis points compared to last year. We reported a net loss of $1.72 per diluted share. Excluding charges, the largest of which was the non-cash goodwill impairment related to Ketjen, our adjusted diluted loss per share was $0.19.

Turning to slide seven, I’ll cover the drivers of our adjusted EBITDA performance year-over-year. We saw solid growth in sales volumes in both our energy storage and Ketjen businesses, and our consistent focus on cost discipline and productivity yielded positive results. By focusing on the actions in our control, we were able to offset lower pricing for lithium and spodumene. Turning to other segments, the specialties team delivered an impressive 35% increase in adjusted EBITDA, largely due to cost improvements across the board in raw materials, manufacturing, and freight. On the corporate side, we benefited from cost savings and favorable year-over-year foreign exchange movements. Turning to slide eight, as usual, we’re sharing outlook scenarios based on recently observed lithium market prices. This slide shows a full company summary for each price scenario. Our outlook ranges remain the same as last quarter, but we’ve updated a few key points.

Specifically, we now anticipate our full-year 2025 results will approach the upper end of the $9 per kilogram lithium price scenario for total company sales and EBITDA. This reflects our strong performance so far this year, including cost controls, productivity gains, and slightly better market pricing. We expect lithium market pricing to average about $9.50 per kilogram this year based on year-to-date actuals and assuming current pricing persists for the remainder of November and December. Turning to slide nine for additional commentary by segment. First, in energy storage, sales volume growth is expected to be up 10% or more year-over-year thanks to record integrated production, higher spodumene sales, and reduced inventories. We are seeing most of that volume upside coming from a strong demand environment in China, where sales are at local market prices and not on long-term agreements.

As a result, we now expect approximately 45% of our 2025 lithium salts volumes to be sold on long-term agreements with floors, primarily due to the mixed impact of stronger-than-expected volumes in China. Our long-term contracts continue to perform in line with our forecast. Q4 EBITDA for energy storage is expected to be slightly higher sequentially. First, in terms of product mix, Q4 will have a greater proportion of higher margin lithium salt sales versus spodumene sales. Second, Q4 is expected to benefit from current higher spodumene prices in JV equity earnings. In specialties, we continue to expect modest volume growth year-over-year. Q4 net sales are expected to be similar to Q3, but EBITDA is expected to be lower, primarily due to weaker demand in oil and gas applications. Finally, at Ketjen, we continue to expect a stronger Q4 due to higher CFT and FCC volumes.

Please refer to our appendix slides for additional modeling considerations across the enterprise. Slide 10 highlights our focus on running the business efficiently and converting earnings into cash. Year-to-date through Q3, our EBITDA to operating cash flow conversion has been over 100%. In Q3, conversion was strong due mainly to inventory reductions along with a modest sequential uptick in dividends from the Talison joint venture. We continue to expect our full-year cash conversion to average over 80%. The implication of that is that we expect Q4 conversion will be lower, mainly due to the timing of interest payments and higher working capital needs from increased revenues. Our strong cash conversion performance and reduced capital expenditures forecasts mean that we now expect to be well into positive free cash flow territory this year, between $300 million and $400 million.

Slide 11 provides a comprehensive overview of our cash position and capital allocation plans in the near term. We closed the quarter with $1.9 billion in cash. Moving forward, we intend to repay with cash on hand our Eurobond debt that matures later this month. Based on our free cash flow outlook, we expect modestly negative free cash flow in Q4. Moving into 2026, we expect to receive approximately $660 million of gross proceeds from the two transactions related to our Ketjen business. Considering these major cash items, we expect to have approximately $1.4 billion available for deployment across a set of disciplined and focused priorities as shown on the slide. With that, I’ll turn it back to Kent to discuss the market outlook and provide updates on our operational execution.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thanks, Neal. The 2025 global lithium supply-demand balance had started to tighten, with global lithium consumption growth up over 30% year-to-date, driven by robust demand from both EVs and grid storage, while supply growth has slowed, in part due to recent lepidolite curtailments in China. On slide 12, EV demand growth for 2025 continues, led by China and Europe. China EV sales are up 31% year-over-year, even after reaching over 50% market penetration, driven by strong growth in BEVs due to incentives supporting low-cost options. Europe is also up over 30%, supported by EU emissions targets. North America posted 11% growth, supported by pre-buying ahead of the 30D tax credit expiration. Turning to slide 13. Global battery demand for stationary storage is up 105% year-to-date. China remains the largest market for stationary storage installations, with 60% growth year-to-date and further policy support announced in the 15th five-year plan.

Europe has shown similar policy support as the commitment to decarbonization drives demand for renewables paired with storage. North America is the fastest-growing region for stationary storage, up almost 150% year-to-date, as rising data center and AI investment in the United States increases the demand for electricity and grid stability. Globally, data center electricity use is expected to more than double by 2030. With the increasing need for grid resiliency, LFP batteries are well-positioned to continue meeting ESS demand thanks to their low cost, energy density, and established manufacturing base. As a result, we expect lithium demand for stationary storage application to increase more than two and a half times by 2030. Advancing to slide 14. I want to provide an update on our initiatives to sustain our competitive advantages through market cycles.

First, on optimizing our conversion network, we set an energy storage sales volume growth target of 0-10% at the start of the year. We now expect to finish at or above the high end of that range with record production across our integrated conversion network, increased spodumene sales, and inventory reductions. Second, our cost and productivity programs continue to deliver. We began the year with a goal of $300-$400 million in improvements. Today, we’ve achieved a $450 million run rate, exceeding the high end of our initial target. Recent projects have further reduced manufacturing costs and improved supply chain efficiency. Third, at the start of the year, we target a 50% year-over-year reduction in 2025 capital expenditures. By focusing on high-return, quick-payback projects and optimizing existing scope, we now expect 2025 CapEx of about $600 million, reflecting a 65% reduction year-over-year.

Finally, our announced asset sales are expected to generate approximately $660 million in cash, providing significant additional financial flexibility. We continue to adapt in a dynamic environment, adding new measures as needed. We’re building a culture of continuous improvement and the mindset to identify opportunities to achieve savings and efficiencies. These actions are contributing to positive financial results, as shown on slide 15. Our commitment to cost discipline is clearly reflected in our financials. Sales, administrative, and R&D expenses are down $166 million, or 22% since last year. Cash flow has strengthened, driven by targeted cost and capital reductions and strong cash management. As of Q3 2025, we’re generating positive free cash flow year-to-date, and we expect $300-$400 million for the full year. Our efforts have allowed us to shore up and maintain healthy corporate EBITDA margins in the 20% range, even as lithium prices declined.

Thanks to these focused actions, we are well-positioned to expand margins further as the market recovers. With potential for adjusted EBITDA margins reaching 30% or more at $15 per kilogram lithium pricing. In summary, on slide 16, Albemarle delivered strong third-quarter performance while continuing to act decisively to maintain the company’s industry-leading position through the cycle and capture upside as markets stabilize or improve. We are maintaining our full-year 2025 company outlook considerations with notable enhancements to energy storage volume growth, improved cost and capital savings, and strong free cash flow generation. With our world-class resources, process chemistry expertise, and a strong balance sheet, we’re well-positioned to generate shareholder value through the cycle. I’m confident we’re making the right moves to stay ahead and capitalize on long-term growth opportunities. With that, I’ll turn it over to the operator to take your questions.

Conference Call Moderator: We will now move to our Q&A portion. If you would like to ask a question, please press star five to raise your hand. As a reminder, that is star five to raise your hand. Also, please bear in mind this Q&A session is limited to one question and one follow-up per person. Our first question will come from Aleksey Yefremov from KeyBanc Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thank you. Good morning. Strong results. I wanted to ask you about dynamics at Talison. You mentioned. You’ll have better profitability because of higher spodumene prices. How do you think this would evolve in maybe the first half of 2026? Would you see higher spodumene costs? Would that be, again, offset by higher equity income or not? If you could walk us through that dynamic for your lithium margins.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Maybe I’ll start. Neal, you can add a little bit of color to that. We’re not going to—we won’t predict the price for lithium, for salt, or spodumene. I mean, the market is tightening. It is tight. It has moved up a little bit. We’re optimistic about that, but we do not plan on that. I do not—and from a spodumene standpoint, I mean, it all depends whether if prices move up, the margin will either stay with salt or it moves over to spodumene. We’re a bit indifferent because of the integrated network that we operate. I do not know that there is a big difference between the two. Recently, in the recent past, when prices move, most of the margin moves to the resource, so spodumene.

I think the other part is a little bit about the Talison and inventories and the way that that gets costed. Neal?

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Alexei, I think you’re thinking about it right, that in a rising spodumene price environment, we get one immediate benefit, which is obviously any sales that Talison makes to our partner. We get some of that benefit immediately through our equity earnings. Of course, our portion of the profit does go into inventory, and it comes out over time as we consume the spodumene. You’re right, there will be some lag. It’s usually six to nine months that some of that comes through in our cost of sales. Whether it leads to margin compression or margin improvement really depends on what happens with salt prices six months from now. I think you’re thinking about it right. There is one component that we realize right away, and then there’s another component that has to flow through our inventory.

Great. Thanks a lot.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question will come from Jeffrey Zekauskas with JPMorgan. Your line is open.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Thanks very much. You used the $9 price as a reference point. In China today, are we closer to $11, $10, or $11?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah, you’re probably closer to 10 today. But as we look at it on a full-year basis, it’s kind of a 9-9.50, something like that.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Okay. Are you giving any consideration to starting up any of your plants where you’ve paused production or mothballed the plants?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: No, I don’t know. I wouldn’t say so. We haven’t brought that back. We’re just forecasting to the end of the year. That’s a couple of months, and it would take us longer to bring those back on. It’s not in that scenario. It would depend on the market and how that works. That’s not really the plan as we think about it for next year either.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Okay. Good. Thank you so much.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question will come from Colin Rusch with Oppenheimer. Your line is open. It looks like we are having some technical difficulties with Colin. Your next question will come from Vincent Andrews with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.

Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thank you, everyone. Just a quick question. When you talk about the full-year adjusted EBITDA margin potential of 30% or greater at $15 a kg, are you speaking of the energy storage segment or the company overall?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: The overall company.

Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Okay. Thank you. If I could ask, in the capital allocation slide, you talk about with the billion for paying down or deleveraging, but then there’s also some other language about liability management opportunity. What does that refer to?

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah, Vincent, I can cover that. I do not have specifics to share today, but we are obviously looking at a combination of things, not just gross delevering, but also anything else that we can do with our debt towers just across our entire debt stack. That is what is meant by liability management. It might not always be gross debt deleveraging, but it might be actually just thinking about our debt towers and being responsible with that.

Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Okay. Thank you very much.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question will come from John Roberts with Mizuho. Your line is open.

Closing Remarks Speaker: Thank you. Actually, this is Edlen Vasilevich for John. When you look at EV demand, do you have a good sense of how much is energy storage versus EV? How do you see those percentages moving over the medium term?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yep. We do. We have a pretty good view, and those are reported independently. We are showing the numbers that we are showing are independent of those. We think that, I mean, there is some mix because it is kind of the base—it is the same base technology that goes into both. We feel like we understand where it is going and what the markets are doing. I think energy, the fixed storage is about a quarter of the market today, and it is growing at a couple of times the rate. We still see it probably being, long-term, the market is more EV-oriented than fixed storage. That is the dynamic. You just look at the math, right? If it is a quarter of the market, maybe it gets to half. I am not sure. Over time, it will depend a little bit on substitute technologies.

I think fixed storage is more exposed to substitutes than the EVs. I think that has to play out over the next decade to see where that really ends up.

Closing Remarks Speaker: Okay. Thank you.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question will come from David Begleiter with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.

Analyst, Deutsche Bank: Thank you. Good morning. Ken, for you and Eric on Chinese lepidolite, how much supply do you think is being currently curtailed? Versus the high of lepidolite production, how much is production down today versus that high?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. So Eric can give us some details on it. Overall, it’s not been a huge impact. There has been some impact. They’ve come out of the market and come back in. That’s probably been the bigger piece. There are a number of plants that are looking for permits, but they are operating through that. That’s our understanding of that. They need to get new permits. They’ve applied for those, and they’re allowed to operate through that. So Eric, maybe you can give some numbers or some of the scope of what has come out and not come back on.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. I think since the middle of the year, David, about a third of the production was impacted through a repurposing exercise and/or as to idle for a period of time. Some of that is—we do not know all the cause for that. I mean, there is a lot of discussion about what is happening in China around policy. Nonetheless, that is what we have observed. That is about eight different lepidolite operations, including the largest, which is CATL. That is a reduction of about 30,000 tons annually. I think the question is how long they remain down as they go through permitting. In the scheme of the market, should they come back, you are only talking about a couple of percent of supply over the course of a year. It is a minor blip. We will continue to watch it carefully.

Analyst, Deutsche Bank: Very good. And just on lithium demand, you did not include your slide from last time on lithium demand forecast. For 2030, has there been any change to your lithium demand outlook? If it hasn’t been, has the bias moved to the upper end of that range, i.e., 3 million tons or above, 3 million tons or above, given what you’ve seen the last maybe six to nine months here? Thank you.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. We did not show that. I would say it has not really changed, but it has probably moved up a little bit within that range. If you recall, we had a pretty big range because of some of the uncertainties. I think both on the EV and on fixed storage, it is probably more demand. I think it is a demand story, and that is higher than we were thinking about at the beginning of the year. It has been a positive surprise. The range stays the same. It is well within that range, but I would say it has moved up a little bit.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question will come from Josh Spector with UBS. Your line is open.

Eric Norris, Chief Commercial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Hi. Good morning. It’s Chris Borella on for Josh. As I think about the ramp of the extra train in Greenbushes and your production in La Negra, how much could your resource production be up in 2026 with just the scheduling of those ramps? Also, do you have a first right of refusal on Wodgina? Are you guys discussing the future of that asset and the ownership with your partner down there?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Okay. First off, I guess on the asset, so La Negra is pretty much ramped at capacity today. We have some marginal improvement. We can do that as a result of solar yield, and that worked its way through the process in the solar. We will see better feedstock at La Negra, and that will give us a little more capacity, but it is incremental compared to the overall ramp that we have been through the last couple of years. CGP3 at Talison will start up at the end of this year. We have to kind of plan to ramp through next year. It is kind of a ramp through the year. It will depend on how well we execute on that and how fast it comes up.

We tend to straight line it through the year to kind of more or less full capacity by the end of the year. You can do the math to see what that gets you throughout the year. Oh yeah, Wagener. You’re asking about Wagener. I’m not going to comment on the process that’s happening down there. You can read about it in the Australian press. That’s doing that or what’s happening there. We talked to our partner. We’re aware of what they’re doing. We’ll see. We’ll let that—that has to play out.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: I think another feature to bear in mind as we look to next year, Chris, is that a good part of our growth this year, as referenced in the prepared remarks, has been that we’ve taken a lot of inventory out of our supply chain this year. That would largely be spot inventory in the case of energy storage. That has fed growth that is one-time in nature. We do not get the benefit of the inventory reduction next year. The factors that have been described are going to help to offset that. It is important to keep in mind as you think about next year.

Eric Norris, Chief Commercial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: No, that’s very helpful. Thanks, Neal.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Christopher Parkinson with Wolfe Research. Your line is open.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Hey, great. Thank you. This is Harris Finehorn for Chris. Just curious maybe if we could talk about the stronger volumes this quarter. How much of that was just you being opportunistic on spot sales because of price volatility and, I guess, dovetailing off of the last question? How should we be thinking about the impact on volume growth next year versus the higher baseline? Thank you.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. So look, I mean, there is some. Us being opportunistic. Eric just described that inventory reduction. So that’s part of our cash management initiatives we were doing to drive that. It did give us a little extra growth this year. We won’t have that opportunity next year because we’ve driven inventories down. The market has been—the market’s strong, right? Demand and pricing is a little stronger than it has been. We’re optimistic about that. We’re not counting on it, but we’re optimistic about that. It’s been a bit of a demand story, I think, over the last quarter or maybe even a little bit longer that it’s stronger. That’s both. EVs as well as fixed storage. Fixed storage has been the big upside surprise this year. It’s been very strong. We see that continuing.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Great. Also just wanted to touch on, there’s been a lot of news flow about critical minerals support. We saw what happened with Lithium Americas. Just curious to hear what the latest you’re hearing is. In the event we start to see maybe the government engage a little bit more concretely on a localized energy storage infrastructure, maybe just some thoughts on the scenario planning you’re doing in terms of how that might shift your strategy either way.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Right. I would say, look, we’re very happy to see the government focused on critical minerals, the U.S. government, but other governments around the world. We think that’s important. We’ve been saying that for years, that it’s important to build out a globally diverse, competitive lithium supply chain. To see governments focused on that is fantastic. I’m not going to speculate on what could happen with the governments. We’re talking to governments all over the world, all the time, everywhere that we operate. There won’t be one solution. It will be a mix of things that’ll help the market in the West get to reinvestment levels. Tax incentives, trade policy, direct investment maybe. I mean, I think it will be a mix. There’ll have to be a combination of some public-private partnerships to drive this because it’s a big problem.

We have been talking about it for a couple of years now, and we are happy to see governments focused on it.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Laurence Alexander with Jefferies. Your line is open.

Eric Norris, Chief Commercial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: As you look at the way policy is shifting both in Latin America and in the U.S., what do you see as kind of the appropriate return hurdles for you to engage in new projects as opposed to just focus on your existing assets and/or opening up Kings Mountain?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yes. I do not think our return criteria has changed, right? We have been pretty consistent about that. The issue has been with the pricing that we see in the market, we cannot get those returns, which is why you do not see us investing. We have been focused on kind of balance sheet, cash, driving cost out of the business so we can compete at that lower level. Look, our view is, and we have said this, we are not able to predict the lithium price, and we are not going to depend on that. We have to be able to compete through the bottom of the cycle, which is why you have seen us so focused on cost and cash and getting our business in a position to do that. We are getting there. We still have room to go.

If the market— Our view is we plan for the bottom of the cycle, but stay agile so we can pivot when the market gives us that opportunity to invest. We still have good investment opportunities. You mentioned Kings Mountain. We have very good resources that we can still leverage as we go forward. Conversion is still a possibility, but the economics, they’re still not there today for Western economics, for conversion, Western conversion economics.

Eric Norris, Chief Commercial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Is your cost structure at the point where if prices do not improve next year, your cash flow, your free cash flow positive?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. We are not forecasting next year yet. We will do that next quarter. We have driven cost out. I feel pretty good that we built a cost-out mentality around productivity, particularly in our operations. I think we can be better at it from an overhead and back office, but we are working on that. We have made good strides around that. We will continue to drive that. We will continue to drive cost and work on our cost position. It is still a new market, and it is going to be volatile and dynamic. We have to be able to ride that to capture the upside but work our way through the downside. I do not want to forecast—we are not going to forecast next year today, but we are continuing to stay focused on that cost out.

That will drive the result for next year and years going forward. I think you should think of our business as that we make sure that we can ride through the down cycles and then take advantage of the up cycles.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Patrick Cunningham with CIBC. Your line is open.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Hi. Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Just a couple of related follow-ups to your last comments. I guess anything else you’re looking at in terms of productivity savings program into next year? What would be the size of sort of the incremental carryover? I know you reached run rate sometime in the middle of the year.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Neal can talk about the run rate, carryover, but we continue to have productivity programs. They go across the breadth of our business. Our programs around operations are the most mature. It is not surprising given our legacy as a specialty chemical company, but that is pretty mature. We go down the range. Our supply chain is a little less mature. Back office is even less mature than that. We are building the capability and leveraging off of the program we have in manufacturing. You will always see us have productivity programs and goals. Even if the market is hot and on fire, we are still going to be pushing to take cost and productivity out of the business. I think that is just going to be a feature of our business. That should be a feature of a healthy business.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Patrick, maybe the other thing I can add is just to reiterate. We see line of sight to a $450 million run rate in cost and productivity savings this year. Obviously, we will have to see how we finish up the year in terms of the actual savings. You are already seeing those savings come through in our S&A line, in our R&D line, and so on. Obviously, some of those will continue to roll into 2026. We will give you an update on that with the next quarter once we finish the year. Let me give you an example of what you can expect to hear as you get into 2026. Just a small example, though, is that we continue to ramp our facilities to full rates. That is a perfect example of the productivity measures that we are really working on.

Kent kind of highlighted that in Chile, we’re almost to the kind of top end of what we could do with La Negra. Our Meishan facility in China is, I think, about a year ahead of schedule in terms of its ramp. And it’s getting almost up to full rates as well. You can expect that kind of continuing to sweat the assets as kind of a key theme in our productivity on top of any other additional cost actions that we can take as well.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Got it. That’s helpful. Maybe just a quick one on bromine. It seems like there’s some strong demand there in areas like electronics, but maybe some offsets that have pulled performance down and seen some normalization in prices. How have sort of the bromine supply and demand trended throughout the balance of the year? What sort of outlook are you seeing for the fourth quarter?

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yep. This is Eric. First, on the demand side, you’re right. It’s still a mixed market, reflecting probably many of the GDP-oriented markets, growth markets that we serve. For instance, you mentioned electronics, pharmaceutical. Those have been stronger markets. Weaker markets have been building construction and oil and gas of late, stronger earlier in the year, but with the drop in the price of oil, a little weaker in the second half of the year. If you look at the supply side and the tightness or balance of supply and demand, middle of the year, we saw some tightness. You may have seen, if you follow elemental bromine prices, particularly out of China, there’s an index you can follow. You’ve seen that price rise. It’s now started to come down again as the market has become more balanced on the one hand. On the other hand.

We’re headed into the time of year where seasonal production is, some seasonal production in India and in China that comes offline due to the winter months. As that happens, I don’t think we’re going to get to a tight situation, but we’ll remain fairly balanced. We’re not looking at this as being supremely oversupplied or undersupplied. Therefore, dynamic from a price standpoint on elemental bromine at the moment, fairly balanced as we go into the end of the year.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Great. Thank you.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Rock Hoffman with Bank of America Securities. Your line is open.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Hi. I guess, does the energy storage volume beat contain the pull forward? And just given the stronger near-term volume assumptions, where would you expect the contract spot mix to shift in a Q4 and thereafter?

Yeah. The pull forward, as you describe, that’s mostly inventory, right? We had inventory that we were able to use. The market’s strong, so we’re selling into a strong market. It’s not that we’re pulling next quarter’s volume forward, but we are bringing to some degree capacity forward by selling inventories that we had. It’s also just us being leaner on cash and inventory. Yeah. Us being leaner and operating around that, that’s the piece. The other piece, I guess, we saw from a pull forward would be the expiration of the 30D tax credits in the U.S. There was a bit of a rush for people to buy EVs in the U.S. It’s 10% of the market, so it’s not going to be dramatic overall. That is when demand did get pulled forward a little bit.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Understood. Just as a follow-up.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Rock.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Yep.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: I’m sorry, Rock. I think you had asked about contract spot mix going forward. I just wanted to add one point, which is, look, I think Kent had mentioned in the prepared remarks that our contracts continue to perform. We don’t have any major contracts that are rolling off until you get towards the end of 2026. Look, the demand has been so strong in China, in particular, where we don’t sell volume on long-term contracts. If that trend continues into 2026, just based on mix alone, you can probably expect that our 45% that we’re at this year will tick down just because of where the product is going and the fact that it’s not going on these long-term contracts. It’s not a shift in our long-term contracts. It’s really more about geographic mix of sales.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Makes sense. Just as a quick follow-up. Any preliminary thoughts on 2026 CapEx? I guess more broadly, when you would need to turn on CapEx in order to incentivize any meaningful volume growth after 2026?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. So I think, I mean, look, we’ve worked our CapEx down, and we’ve got to be very thoughtful about that. We would anticipate, unless we pivot to do some investments we’re not thinking of right now, we’ll continue at that run rate or maybe a little bit lower. We’ll continue to work on that to get it down. We don’t think we’re shorting our assets with the cuts that we’ve made. We’re getting more efficient at it, but we’re being thoughtful and careful. That’s why we’ve legged down slowly, I would say, particularly on maintenance capital. Without forecasting, not forecasting some investment that we might make as a result of the market taking off, you see us in a range where we are maybe another leg down. The legs are incremental now. We’re not going to make 50% reductions. That’s not in the cards.

There may be 10%, something like that.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Thank you.

Conference Call Moderator: Our next question comes from Arun Viswanathan with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Great. Thanks for taking my question. I guess I’m just curious to get your thoughts on spodumene and the impact on pricing. It looks like prices for both carbon and hydroxide are kind of settling out at marginal cost levels. Would you agree with that? Would it take spodumene maybe to go up to $1,200 or $1,500 to see some more robust activity in lithium salt pricing? If so, what would drive that? Spodumene. Do you feel that supply-demand is balanced or tight or loose? Maybe you can just comment on that relationship. Thanks.

Right. So yeah. We commented on it just a little bit earlier, but I think you’re probably right. Conversion right now is at basically marginal cost of conversion in China. And then when you see price move, most of the value and the price movement, the conversion stays at that cost, that marginal cost, and it moves to the resource. The margin moves to the resource. That’s kind of what we’ve seen, I guess for at least a year now. Most of the value moves to the resource because you have overcapacity for conversion in China primarily. It’s a little bit different when you start talking outside of China, but the majority of the market is in China. The market is getting a little tight. I think that’s why you see prices move up.

It’s probably a bit more, it’s a demand story, but supply has not kept up. Demand is stronger than we thought, and supply growth is less than we thought. That is tightening it. Inventories are coming down in both salts and in spodumene in the system, throughout the system. I think it’s a demand story. I guess maybe it’s both because supply has not been as strong as we were originally thinking, and demand has been stronger. The market is tightening. It’s a supply-demand piece. All the value at the moment does move to spodumene.

Great. Thanks for that. Could you also comment on your potential commercialization in the energy storage market? What are you seeing there? What do you kind of expect over the next few years from a demand standpoint? Thanks.

It is the same supply chain and value chain as it is for batteries for EVs, for the most part. I mean, there are people specializing in that, and the core technology, it is pretty much the same thing. From our standpoint, it is about the same. We sell the same material and just the same value chain it goes to. In most cases, it is the same customer that is playing in both energy storage and the electric vehicle market. The growth has been very strong. A lot of that is grid stability. It is about renewables and storage to go with it in Europe and China to some degree. It is also about grid stability and data centers. You could say artificial intelligence, but that system is what is driving it, particularly in North America. It is a pretty dynamic market.

You always get the question, or you think about it, is lithium-ion technology the right technology for that? I mean, it’s what’s available today at scale. Supply chain has been built out. It still has a significant cost advantage over other technology like sodium ion. They don’t have scale sodium ion yet, and the cost is still significantly higher. I think in the near term, it’s going to be mostly LFP technology. Long term, you probably see sodium coming into the mix. I think we’re kind of forecasting about 80% of that stays with lithium-ion technology.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Joel Jackson with BMO Capital Markets. Your line is open.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Hi. Good morning. Kent, you talked for a while today about really being able to ride out the cycle here. What do you think Albemarle is going for? If you’re not really doing any growth beyond CGP3 and some conversion in China, and you’re looking at taking CapEx maybe down a level, economics don’t justify new builds or new capacity, what is in this growing, rising sector of EV and ESS, what will Albemarle be? Are you worried about not growing proportionally with the industry?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. So look. A lot of the work that we’re doing is to preserve that growth optionality as we go forward. We need to see good business cases in order to do it. So my view is we’re being disciplined. Look, we probably are risking some of the upside by taking the approach that we have. We are making sure we can go through the bottom of the cycle and then take advantage of that uptick. We will capture growth. We have opportunities. We think resource is the key to that. We have some of the best resources on the planet. It is about optionality. We’re having—we have to manage our balance sheet and the market opportunity out there. We don’t want to get caught flat-footed.

I think what we’re trying to build is a business that is agile, and we’ll be able to pivot to do those investment projects when we see the right economics.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Again, the second question is maybe a little strange, but I mean, we’ve seen a lot of good data out from a lot of different industry sources about the acceleration in growth rates in ESS. Can you talk about on the ground what you’re actually seeing? Is the hype real? Is it being exaggerated? How much tangible evidence do you have of accelerating growth rates in ESS that you can share?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Eric can comment on that. I think the most tangible is the volumes that we see going into it. I mean, that is not—I mean, they are shipping and going into batteries. That is not forecast. That is legitimate. That is real. I think that, I mean, that market is there. Eric, you can comment on more specifics.

Yeah. It’s akin, Joel, to the last question that came up around what’s going on in this market. Is it a different channel? It’s not. It’s the same big battery names that are in the EV space. I guess there are a couple of things we see, certainly in China, which is the largest market and really the home of LFP technology. We’re seeing a lot of, in all of our discussions with both cathode, particularly LFP cathode, and battery producers in China, those cell lines are at full utilization now to meet the demand both domestically in China and abroad. The interesting thing about the grid storage market is it looks a little different from a global perspective than the EV market, meaning it’s not all just about Europe, China, and the U.S. It’s the rest of the world. The grid demands, grid stability, renewable power.

Are important. Whereas in North America, of course, the big driver is more about AI data centers. Even now, pivoting to the U.S., we have a great number of battery partners, partner with OEMs here in the U.S. who are taking those same facilities and looking to retrofit them to make ESS technology, whether that’s moving to a lower nickel technology or to an LFP technology. Finally, we’re seeing a big uptick. This is both an EV driver and an ESS driver amongst all cathode producers, certainly in China, I referenced, but now outside of China. The Koreans, the Japanese, they’re all aggressively pursuing their own LFP in-house technology programs. It’s both EVs, but probably more importantly of late, that’s ticked up because of ESS. That’s a little bit of an on-the-ground commentary of what’s driving this enthusiasm for the space.

Conference Call Moderator: Your next question will come from Abigail Ebertz with Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Hi there. Thanks for taking my question. I understand you’re not guiding to 2026, obviously, but I was just wondering about your expectations for underlying EV demand as we look to next year. Thanks.

Analyst, Various (KeyBanc, JPMorgan, Oppenheimer, Mizuho): Eric, do you want to comment?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Sorry, Abigail. You said that. We were curious about underlying EV demand for next year, I think.

Neal Sheorey, Chief Financial Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah.

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: We continue to have it. Go ahead. Sorry. Did I cut? Okay. This is a part and parcel of the long-term forecast. We did not put in the slide deck. We have in prior decks. It is a growth in the market we see of two and a half times between now and 2030 of the total market consumption for lithium. While we spent in the last question a lot of time talking about AI data centers and grid storage demand, that is about 25% of demand. The well over, close to 70% of demand in the space or more for lithium is driven by EVs. China continues to be strong. The interesting thing about China is that it is now over 50%. It is well below the tipping point from a cost standpoint. The pack costs are well below $100, in some cases half that level.

That is producing a car that is now more competitive than an internal combustion engine with an incredible amount of vehicle choice to consumers there. Healthy demand for both battery electric and plug-in hybrid vehicles. Now, as that market gets bigger, the % growth rate obviously gets smaller because it is just the law of large numbers, if you will. The growth is still the penetration we still expect to continue. We are encouraged most recently and expect a continuance into next year in Europe. There is a lot of discussion about the long-range emission targets, and we have to just remain vigilant as to what the policy decision there is. In the short term, there has been a commitment to the next step in that. CO2 reduction across the fleet on average. And while some.

Benefit was given to go slower this year, they still have to hit an average three-year target, which means they’re going to have to go faster. From a supply side to produce such vehicles in the coming years. Probably our most, not questionable, but difficult-to-predict market for EVs would be the U.S. All of those technology trends that I just described should be favorable to cost and adoption. Even here in the U.S., we’re at that tipping point on pack costs. However, policy and other things may not be supportive of that. We just have to wait and see. However, that is the smallest of the three major markets. It’s only about 10% of the lithium or EV or lithium demand or, saying that right, of EVs are in the U.S. That outlook we see flowing into next year as well.

Conference Call Moderator: Thank you. Your next question will come from David Deckelbaum with TD Cowen. Your line is open.

Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Thanks all for taking my questions this morning. I did want to follow up, and maybe with Neal, just post Eurocat and Ketjen partial monetization. Obviously, a significant amount of capital coming in. One, I’m trying to think about how much capital you’d be saving on the CapEx side 2026 just from divesting those assets. More importantly, once the proceeds come in in the first half of 2026, I think you’ve talked about it increasing your ability to delever. What do you see doing with those proceeds near term? Or has this just become a cash hoard to opportunistically look at the balance sheet?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah. Hi there, David. Let me, if I hit all your questions here, I think in terms of, I think you were asking what is the CapEx from Ketjen. I think on a going-forward basis, you should think about roughly 10% of our CapEx is related to Ketjen. That will be what would potentially come off as we get into next year. Now, we obviously have to see when the transaction will close. There might be a little bit of Ketjen CapEx in our numbers next year, but maybe just for the first half of the year. This year, Ketjen’s CapEx admittedly was a little bit higher than that. That was mainly because Ketjen was finishing its own growth investment called ZSM-5. That project is done. We did have a little bit higher CapEx through the year related to Ketjen.

In terms of, I think the second part of your question is sort of what are we going to do with that cash? Look, I think we have always said that delevering is one of our top priorities as a company. We are at that point now. We obviously have enough cash on hand to take out or repay the debt that is coming due here in a few weeks. That will happen in the normal course. I think what you can expect is that once we have line of sight to getting to the proceeds around Ketjen, look, I think that is when we will get a lot more serious about acting with that cash. We are not going to necessarily let it sit on the balance sheet for too long. We have some thoughts around how we want to do that with regards to.

Delivering as well as the other capital priorities that we have on our slide in the deck. I can’t give you any more specifics around timing. Obviously, we’re developing our plans now.

Mark Mummer, Chief Operations Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Appreciate that. Maybe just a second one for Neal or Kent. Obviously, super commendable job this year. It’s just getting the free cash neutrality. I know part of the benefit was, or you did have some help from a customer prepayment, albeit at the bottom of a pricing cycle here. As we go into 2026, I know a lot of people have asked about the free cash outlook. I guess in isolation, one tailwind that I am curious on is just the outlook for dividends from Talison, which I guess as I think about CGP3 completing and coming online, should that be a credible tailwind going into 2026 in your view?

Kent Masters, Chief Executive Officer, Albemarle Corporation: Yeah, David, I can start on that. We kind of covered that a little bit earlier in the Q&A. Just to go back to that is that CGP3 is basically in the tail end of the investment part of things. It will start to ramp as we go through 2026. You should think about the majority of 2026 really being the ramp period for that facility. Two big things I think that the Talison dividends will be dependent on are, obviously, number one, how well or quickly that unit ramps up. We are working with the JV right now to understand what that is going to look like as they tip over into startup. The other part, of course, is pricing. It is a little early for me. We never do try to call pricing. It is early for me to.

Call pricing for spodumene across the balance of 2026. We’re also working with the JV also through their budgeting to understand. The levers that the JV has as well. All the partners are very interested in dividends out of the JV, especially as we get through this investment phase.

Conference Call Moderator: Thank you. That is all the time we have for questions. I will now pass it back to Kent Masters for closing remarks.

Closing Remarks Speaker: Thank you, Operator. In closing, I want to thank you all for your continued support and trust in Albemarle. Our strong results this quarter, enhanced outlook for 2025, and ongoing focus on operational excellence position us well for the future. With our world-class resources, leading process chemistry, and commitment to customer success, we’re confident in our ability to create lasting value for our shareholders and seize opportunities ahead. We appreciate your partnership and look forward to connecting at our upcoming events. Stay safe, and thank you.

Conference Call Moderator: This concludes today’s conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.

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